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15 "*","*","*"
11 ,"The outline is now complete"
7 ,"=","i",2
6 l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$
6 b$=" "
6 "Finish using the program"
6 on your tape recorder":
5 ,"100","i",0
4 ;"To run this program again":
4 ;"If you run this program again":
4 ,"isotope symbol required","mass no down 4 : atm no down 2"
4 ,"H","t",9
4 ,"H","t",5
4 Collins 1985"
3 w-x,h-y,a:
3 symbol shift
3 l(a(i))=i:
3 df,l$,ar,l,c,wq,a$
3 b,e,t$,zl,f$,g$:
3 ar,x,y,nq,a$
3 a(x)=a(y):
3 ;"your knowledge of"
3 ;"you get":
3 ;"you can stop":
3 ;"wrong you ":
3 ;"wind on the tape before you":
3 ;"will get ":
3 ;"until you":
3 ;"the parts":
3 ;"the GEM. You":
3 ;"symbol":
3 ;"sometimes with":
3 ;"shift and":
3 ;"questions in the section":
3 ;"of test."
3 ;"linked with them.":
3 ;"it is wrong, ":
3 ;"have the topic":
3 ;"have got all":
3 ;"from several topics."
3 ;"explained or you can":
3 ;"diagrams and the ideas":
3 ;"correct, but"
3 ;"continues":
3 ;"choose from two types":
3 ;"can choose either to":
3 ;"by pressing":
3 ;"at any time":
3 ;"are told why"
3 ;"another go":
3 ;"a reference to":
3 ;"a part":
3 ;"You can select":
3 ;"Well done. You have got all":
3 ;"WRONG ";:
3 ;"Type the first ";zl;" character(s) ";:
3 ;"To load a later program":
3 ;"This program revises"
3 ;"The correct answer was":
3 ;"Press the ";:
3 ;"Now try another topic":
3 ;"Look up this GEM reference..":
3 ;"It was ";
3 ;"Here is a list of the";:
3 ;"For each topic you":
3 ;"CORRECT.":
3 ;" RIGHT";:
3 ,"H","t",3
3 ,"H","t",17
3 ,"H","t",15
3 $="I'm doing some sorting"
3 "Remember that pressing ","
3 "LETTER";:
3 "INFORMATION ABOUT THE TOPIC":
3 "Explanation"
3 "Do you know the names"
3 "Diagrams and ideas in CHEMISTRY":
3 "DIAGRAMS & IDEAS IN CHEMISTRY
3 "Choose another TOPIC"
3 "Can you recognise the items"
3 "CHOOSE FROM THIS LIST"
3 " "," "," "
3 will take ","you back to choose another topic"
3 to continue";
3 to choose";:
3 f
2 pap,ink,bor,c$,c$,v,v,v$,v,c$,c$
2 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram3 Questions1 Questions2 Game1 Game2 Game3"
2 h$,pap,ink,bor,m$,n$:
2 ;"it will not be exactly the same":
2 ;" ":
2 ;" "
2 ,"vinegar","t",10
2 ,"protein","i",0
2 ,"of the word/step","word/step"
2 ,"of the item","item"
2 ,"of the answer","answer"
2 ,"mass number required","mass no same : atm no up 1"
2 ,"mass number required","mass no down 4 : atm no down 2"
2 ,"labels.",3
2 ,"it's below the pH of vinegar"
2 ,"it's above the pH of blood"
2 ,"it's above the pH of ammonia"
2 ,"freshly distilled water","t",10
2 ,"dilute HCl(aq)","t",18
2 ,"acid and alkali give a salt","and water only"
2 ,"This is a white precipitate"
2 ,"STEP 8","p",7
2 ,"STEP 7","t",18
2 ,"STEP 6","t",17
2 ,"STEP 5","t",16
2 ,"STEP 4","t",15
2 ,"STEP 3","t",14
2 ,"STEP 2","t",13
2 ,"STEP 1","t",12
2 ,"It must be very unreactive"
2 ,"H","t",8
2 ,"H","t",7
2 ,"H","t",4
2 ,"H","t",16
2 ,"H","t",12
2 ,"H","t",11
2 ,"H","t",10
2 ,"Equal No. of moles of ","NaOH/acid"
2 ,"An acid"
2 ,"A compound with iron"
2 ,"-","t",8
2 ,"-","t",4
2 ,"-","t",16
2 ,"-","t",12
2 ,"-","t",10
2 ,"(if any)","l",140
2 ," ","s",4
2 "sodium",9
2 "oxygen",9
2 "latent heat","The energy needed to change the state of a substance (6,4)","Page 139"
2 "chlorine",9
1 z$="Water":
1 z$="States of matter":
1 z$="Redox":
1 z$="Rates & equilibria":
1 z$="Metals":
1 z$="Energy":
1 z$="Electrochemistry":
1 z$="Carbon chemistry":
1 z$="Bonding & structure":
1 z$="Atoms":
1 z$="Acids & bases":
1 w$(i)=w$(j):
1 w$(c),c$(c),r$(c)
1 superscript 3
1 superscript 2
1 superscript -
1 superscript +
1 subscript 6
1 subscript 5
1 subscript 4
1 subscript 3
1 standard solution
1 r$(i)=r$(j)
1 pap,ink,bor,v,c$,c$,v,v,v$,v,c$,c$
1 m$=" Diagram3 Questions1 Game1 Game2"
1 m$=" Diagram2 Diagram3 Questions1 Questions2 Game2 Game3"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram3 Questions1 Questions2 Game1"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram3 Game2"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram2 Diagram3 Questions1 Game1 Game2 Game3"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram2 Diagram3 Questions1 Questions2 Game1 Game2 Game3"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram2 Diagram3 Game1 Game2 Game3"
1 m$=" Diagram2 Diagram3 Questions1 Questions2 Game1 Game2 Game3"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram3"
1 m$=" Diagram1 Diagram3 Game3"
1 is found","t",9
1 h$,pap,ink,bor,df,m$,n$:
1 gi,go,gp,gn,gm,gj:
1 equal numbers
1 equal concentrations
1 empty grid box
1 d$="I'm mixing up the questions"
1 correct=correct+1
1 c$(i)=c$(j):
1 TESTER -w
1 OH + heat(--------)
1 O","h",5208
1 O","h",5106
1 O","h",5009
1 O","This equation is balanced","
1 O + .... (4)","Acid-Base reactions"
1 O (g) (5)","water"
1 O (8)","Acid"
1 HCl + NaOH
1 DIAGRAM3 y
1 DIAGRAM2 9
1 DIAGRAM1
1 Created with Ramsoft MakeTZX
1 Concentration
1 C (-yne) group"
1 ? (7)","Alkali","water","This accepts protons from acids forming oxonium ions (5)","Acid-Base reactions"
1 ;score;"% ";
1 ;"you will not get exactly the":
1 ;"turn the tape over before you";
1 ;"the same set of questions"
1 ;"or a later program";
1 ;"it will not be exactly the same"
1 ;"Type in the answer and":
1 ;"To load and run QUESTIONS1";
1 ;"To load and run DIAGRAM3":
1 ;"To load and run DIAGRAM2":
1 ;"To load and run DIAGRAM1":
1 ;"To finish press ";:
1 ;"This program is designed as a quick test of the common topics in Chemistry.":
1 ;"Question ";e
1 ;"Press a letter ";
1 ;"Press ";:
1 ;"No, that's not right.Try again The first letter is ";:
1 ;"Look up this GEM reference for help : ";R$(C)
1 ;"In this test you got ";
1 ;"If you answer correctly the nextquestion will appear."
1 ;"Chemistry Tester":
1 ;"At the end of the test you will be told how well you did."
1 ;" "
1 ;" "
1 ;" ":
1 ;" "
1 ;" "
1 ;" ":
1 ;" Well done ":
1 . Look at the equation","
1 . In","this a known mass of solute is","dissolved in a solvent to","produce an
1 . A graduated flask","is used to measure the volume","accurately.","*"
1 ,"x1000","h",5308
1 ,"x1000","h",5306
1 ,"x1000 /","t",9
1 ,"x 1000)","i",2
1 ,"words/symbols",2
1 ,"words/steps",3
1 ,"words and steps",3
1 ,"when the rock is heated carbon","dioxide gas is released"
1 ,"when animals and plants die","they can become fossil fuels"
1 ,"weigh out the solute","t",3
1 ,"weigh crucible ..",9
1 ,"weigh again"
1 ,"weigh ..",9
1 ,"weigh --------, lid","t",11
1 ,"washing soda solution","t",14
1 ,"volumes and concentrations","t",6
1 ,"volume","l",114
1 ,"volume of solvent","i",0
1 ,"values of pH",2
1 ,"tripod",9
1 ,"toothpaste","t",6
1 ,"to work out the concentration"
1 ,"to raise the temperature"
1 ,"to ----","i",0
1 ,"til -------- stops","i",0
1 ,"this is removed and so must","start with a - sign"
1 ,"the only common alkaline gas"
1 ,"the flask","i",1
1 ,"the colour of grass"
1 ,"the Haber","t",6
1 ,"the C=C (-ene) group"
1 ,"the -O-H (-ol) group"
1 ,"the -O- group"
1 ,"the -COOH group; pH<7"
1 ,"the -COO- (acid + alcohol)","group"
1 ,"the ----","i",1
1 ,"suphotwathea"
1 ,"subst-","t",4
1 ,"stopper the flask","t",13
1 ,"stopper the ..",9
1 ,"stomach juices","t",4
1 ,"stomach acids","t",4
1 ,"stages",3
1 ,"solution",9
1 ,"sodnahna2"
1 ,"sodium 4x1 =4= 2x2","oxygen 1x2 =2= 2x1"
1 ,"soda water","i",0
1 ,"soda water","h",5012
1 ,"small",9
1 ,"shells",9
1 ,"shelimcal"
1 ,"shake",9
1 ,"second class protein"
1 ,"s s ssul"
1 ,"rotten eggs give this off"
1 ,"roclimcal"
1 ,"rn rnrad"
1 ,"rinse the beaker;","t",9
1 ,"rinse the ..",9
1 ,"respiration","h",5208
1 ,"reduction","t",17
1 ,"reaction",9
1 ,"ra rarad"
1 ,"plants",9
1 ,"plants convert carbon dioxide","into carbohydrates"
1 ,"plant",9
1 ,"photosynthesis","h",5206
1 ,"phosphorus 1x4 =4= 1x4","oxygen 5x2 =10= 1x10"
1 ,"pa papal"
1 ,"oxygen","t",13
1 ,"oxides","t",13
1 ,"oxide","l",32
1 ,"orehaekid"
1 ,"one of the oxidized forms","of nitrogen"
1 ,"olysis","h",5109
1 ,"of the","t",18
1 ,"of the word/symbol","word/symbol"
1 ,"of the symbol/colour","label"
1 ,"of the stage","stage"
1 ,"of the pH","substance which has a pH of"
1 ,"of the number","number"
1 ,"of the labels","labels"
1 ,"of the label","label"
1 ,"of the compound","compound"
1 ,"of strength 0.1 mol/dm
1 ,"of molten","t",18
1 ,"of molten","t",10
1 ,"of a crucible","i",1
1 ,"of NaOH(aq) ?"
1 ,"o","t",12
1 ,"o","t",11
1 ,"number of atoms",2
1 ,"num ber","l",44
1 ,"nitrate",9
1 ,"neutralize different","t",5
1 ,"necessary for respiration"
1 ,"nearly to the ----","i",0
1 ,"multiply by 1000"
1 ,"metal","h",5112
1 ,"measure the ..",9
1 ,"mass no","t",15
1 ,"magnesium 2x1 =2= 2x1","oxygen 1x2 =2= 2x1"
1 ,"ma ss","t",7
1 ,"liquid","t",18
1 ,"limewater","t",6
1 ,"lightning","t",12
1 ,"lift the crucible","t",17
1 ,"lift the ..",9
1 ,"lemon juice","t",14
1 ,"lemon juice","t",12
1 ,"labels",4
1 ,"label",9
1 ,"just C-C and C-H bonds (-ane)"
1 ,"items",3
1 ,"it's below the pH of","soda water"
1 ,"it's below the pH of","limewater"
1 ,"it's below the pH of","lime water"
1 ,"it's below the pH of water"
1 ,"it's below the pH of blood"
1 ,"it's above the stomach's pH"
1 ,"it's above the pH of","soda water"
1 ,"isotope symbol required","mass no same : atm no up 1"
1 ,"iroferfe(fe2"
1 ,"iodine","t",15
1 ,"into a ------","i",1
1 ,"hydrogen","t",16
1 ,"hydrogen","t",14
1 ,"hydrogen","i",0
1 ,"hydrogen 8x1 =8= 4x2","oxygen 8x3 =24= 3x3x2+2x1+4x1"
1 ,"hydrogen 6x2 =12= 1x12","oxygen 6x2 +6x1 =18= 1x6 + 6x2"
1 ,"heawarto "
1 ,"heating",9
1 ,"heat","l",52
1 ,"heat","l",44
1 ,"heat","h",5213
1 ,"hard water",9
1 ,"greepale"
1 ,"green or greeny blue",9
1 ,"golsilcop"
1 ,"gentle heat","l",182
1 ,"gauze mat/clay mat",9
1 ,"gaumatcla"
1 ,"fuels","l",82
1 ,"fossil",9
1 ,"foscoaoilgas"
1 ,"food","h",5312
1 ,"flask",9
1 ,"flagramar"
1 ,"first class, meaty stuff"
1 ,"find the ..",9
1 ,"fill the ..",9
1 ,"f","t",10
1 ,"electrolyte","t",11
1 ,"electrolysis","t",9
1 ,"electrolysis","t",17
1 ,"electrolysis will break copper","sulphate up"
1 ,"electr-","t",7
1 ,"distill-","t",16
1 ,"dissolve in a -----","t",5
1 ,"dissolve ..",9
1 ,"dioxide","i",0
1 ,"dilute NaOH(aq)","`",5014
1 ,"deposition","h",5211
1 ,"decay","x",214
1 ,"decay","l",244
1 ,"dc dcbatdir"
1 ,"d","h",5207
1 ,"crucible",9
1 ,"cork the flask and","t",7
1 ,"cork the ..",9
1 ,"copper sulphate can exist in","a crystalline form"
1 ,"copper oxide can be reduced","to copper"
1 ,"copper nitrate can be changed","by two ways into copper oxide"
1 ,"copper dissolves in nitric","acid to form copper nitrate"
1 ,"copper carbonate is decomposed","by heat to give copper oxide"
1 ,"cooled crucible","i",1
1 ,"continue heating un-","t",9
1 ,"continue heating ..",9
1 ,"contains nitrogen"
1 ,"contains OH
1 ,"compounds.",4
1 ,"compounds and colours",3
1 ,"colour","t",6
1 ,"clover,lupins,peas and beans","can fix this gas"
1 ,"clean the Mg ribbon","i",0
1 ,"clean the ..",9
1 ,"chlorine","t",18
1 ,"chlorine","t",17
1 ,"chlorides","t",4
1 ,"carry on"
1 ,"carbon","t",11
1 ,"carbon 2x4 =8= 8x1","oxygen 13x2 =26= 8x2 + 10x2"
1 ,"carbon 1x5 =5= 5x1","oxygen 7x2 =14= 5x2 + 4x1"
1 ,"by the answer","answer"
1 ,"bunsen burner",9
1 ,"browpink"
1 ,"brown or pink",9
1 ,"bromine","h",5112
1 ,"bring the level","t",17
1 ,"bring the ..",9
1 ,"blood","t",4
1 ,"black",9
1 ,"begin heating",9
1 ,"begin -------","i",1
1 ,"beaker",9
1 ,"baualucry"
1 ,"bacteria","h",5311
1 ,"atomic number","l",96
1 ,"atm. no","i",0
1 ,"ation of","t",17
1 ,"as the","t",10
1 ,"as .... as the sky"
1 ,"as .... as night"
1 ,"answers.",3
1 ,"answers.",2
1 ,"answers",3
1 ,"animals",9
1 ,"animals eat the plants for","food and absorb the carbon"
1 ,"animal",9
1 ,"and divide by the volume ","in cm
1 ,"and Mg ribbon"
1 ,"and ----- it","i",0
1 ,"ance","t",3
1 ,"an unsaturated hydrocarbon"
1 ,"an important gas for all","animals and plants"
1 ,"an allotrope of carbon"
1 ,"an alkaline gas"
1 ,"ammonia solution","t",2
1 ,"aluminium 4x1 =4= 2x2","oxygen 3x2 =6= 2x3"
1 ,"alpha beta","t",14
1 ,"allow the apparatus","t",13
1 ,"allow the ..",9
1 ,"all coloured paints mixed up"
1 ,"air","l",88
1 ,"add to the -----","i",0
1 ,"add the ..",9
1 ,"add the -------- to","t",15
1 ,"acid cm
1 ,"ac acact"
1 ,"about 80% of the atmosphere"
1 ,"about 20% of the atmosphere"
1 ,"a white powder often used as","a test for water"
1 ,"a very reactive metal"
1 ,"a salt of nitric acid"
1 ,"a red/brown poisonous gas"
1 ,"a product of fermentation"
1 ,"a mineral acid found in","thunderstorm rain"
1 ,"a metal"
1 ,"a laughing gas"
1 ,"a green, choking gas"
1 ,"a green poisonous gas"
1 ,"a gas used for sterilization"
1 ,"a black solid"
1 ,"You have to fit the","instructions to the steps"
1 ,"You have to decide the best","order for the instructions"
1 ,"You do this to make sure that","the solute has dissolved"
1 ,"You can pick up this state of","matter easily"
1 ,"With sodium carbonate solution","it gives copper carbonate"
1 ,"When substances join together","chemically"
1 ,"When balanced: same number of","each type of atom on each side"
1 ,"When animals respire energy","is released and CO
1 ,"What volume of these acids","t",3
1 ,"Use a balance"
1 ,"U 235","t",13
1 ,"Try to follow the reaction","scheme as it builds up",6
1 ,"To support the gauze etc with","three legs"
1 ,"To support the crucible and to","spread the heat out"
1 ,"To remove any oxide coating"
1 ,"To put liquid in"
1 ,"To move from the beaker to","the flask"
1 ,"To make the solute 'disappear'"
1 ,"To make sure no liquid can","escape"
1 ,"To make sure all the solution","is out of the beaker"
1 ,"To lose heat energy"
1 ,"To keep the heat in"
1 ,"To give it energy"
1 ,"To add the final amount of","solution"
1 ,"To add nearly all the solution"
1 ,"This produces a voltage"
1 ,"This is the pH scale and the","colours of universal indicator"
1 ,"This can decay into ammonia"
1 ,"This burns gas and produces","heat from chemical energy"
1 ,"Think about how many hydrogen","atoms each compound has."
1 ,"These substances are alkaline","and have a pH greater than 7"
1 ,"These substances are acidic","and have a pH less than 7"
1 ,"These pass air in"
1 ,"These nitrates can be broken","down to N
1 ,"These need CO
1 ,"These eat plants"
1 ,"There are free ions in this"
1 ,"The waste material"
1 ,"The temperature is rising"
1 ,"The substances are not lined","up with particular numbers"
1 ,"The structures are now","complete."
1 ,"The state of matter with the","lowest density"
1 ,"The sea creatures die and the","shells form rock"
1 ,"The result of a solute","dissolving"
1 ,"The positive ions move to the","cathode and gain electron(s)"
1 ,"The outline is complete"
1 ,"The opening in a flask"
1 ,"The nitric acid can form a","nitrate"
1 ,"The negative ions move to the","anode and lose electron(s)"
1 ,"The molten metal"
1 ,"The metal is extracted from","this"
1 ,"The list is now complete"
1 ,"The gas whcih allows ","combustion"
1 ,"The energy in a lightning","flash can make O
1 ,"The energy can combine NH
1 ,"The discharge of ions allows","a current to flow"
1 ,"The different gases in air","have different boiling points"
1 ,"The crucible by itself"
1 ,"The container in which the","ribbon is heated"
1 ,"The blast furnace contains","iron ore, limestone, and coke"
1 ,"The atmosphere"
1 ,"Test tubes filled with the","electrolyte can collect gases"
1 ,"Take the number of moles first"
1 ,"Sulphur : using super-heated","water and hot compressed air"
1 ,"Straight sides and a wide neck"
1 ,"Start with copper sulphate","solution"
1 ,"Start with carbon dioxide gas"
1 ,"Start with animal protein"
1 ,"Start with Uranium","mass no 235 atomic no 92"
1 ,"So that you can read what is","in the flask"
1 ,"Sea creatures make shells from","the carbonates in the water"
1 ,"S","t",7
1 ,"Round bottomed in shape"
1 ,"Remember the triple bond","-C
1 ,"Rain water containing CO
1 ,"Pyrities
1 ,"Process","h",5307
1 ,"Positive ions are attracted","to this electrode"
1 ,"Oxide reacting exothermically","with water to form an acid"
1 ,"Only just enough to dissolve","it"
1 ,"One thing dissolved in another"
1 ,"On top of the crucible"
1 ,"O","t",8
1 ,"O","t",5
1 ,"O","t",16
1 ,"Note: Equal numbers of each","type of atom on both sides",1
1 ,"No. of moles","l",72
1 ,"Nitrates are used by plants to","make protein and so on & on"
1 ,"Neutral substances have a","pH of 7"
1 ,"Negative ions are attracted","to this electrode"
1 ,"NaOH(aq)","t",8
1 ,"NaOH","h",5010
1 ,"NaCl(l)","t",16
1 ,"Measured on a balance"
1 ,"Measure the mass","t",3
1 ,"Made by heating coal without","air"
1 ,"Look up the substance in your","GEM"
1 ,"Light the bunsen"
1 ,"Let gases out"
1 ,"Left when hydrogen sulphide","is reduced"
1 ,"Left when hydrogen sulphide","is oxydised"
1 ,"Label as the final operation"
1 ,"KOH(aq)","t",12
1 ,"KI(aq)","t",17
1 ,"KBr(l)","i",0
1 ,"It is too hot"
1 ,"In the molten state the ","substance exists as ions"
1 ,"In alpha and beta decay the","atomic no & mass no can alter",5
1 ,"How many replaceable hydrogen","atoms are there in each acid?"
1 ,"Here is the decay series"
1 ,"Here is a list of the","instructions but not in order"
1 ,"Here is a list of the","electrolytes"
1 ,"Here is a list of the ","equations"
1 ,"Here is a list of other","moles and concentrations"
1 ,"Here are the instructions but","in the wrong order"
1 ,"Here are the equations & some","clues to the gases produced"
1 ,"HCl(aq)","t",13
1 ,"HCl","x",104
1 ,"HCl ?","t",17
1 ,"HCl ?","t",13
1 ,"H","t",6
1 ,"H","t",14
1 ,"H","t",13
1 ,"H","l",186
1 ,"Find the ---- of the","t",7
1 ,"FeS + HCl
1 ,"Examples: limestone and chalk"
1 ,"Examples are coal and oil"
1 ,"Electrolysis is a method of","breaking up ionic substances",1
1 ,"Diagram: crucible, lid, gauze","tripod, bunsen burner"
1 ,"Diagram: beaker,solvent,funnel","graduated flask"
1 ,"CuS","t",10
1 ,"CuO(s)",9
1 ,"Cu(s)",9
1 ,"Concentration","t",8
1 ,"Concentration = ","(No. of moles x 1000)/volume",1
1 ,"Conc of alkali > conc of acid","vol alkali < vol acid"
1 ,"Conc of alkali = conc of acid","vol alkali = vol acid"
1 ,"Conc of alkali < conc of acid","vol alkali > vol acid"
1 ,"Conc of acid > conc of alkali","vol acid < vol alkali"
1 ,"Conc of acid = conc of alkali","vol acid = vol alkali"
1 ,"Conc of acid < conc of alkali","vol acid > vol alkali"
1 ,"Calcium carbonate"
1 ,"CHCOOH ?","t",11
1 ,"C=C-C","t",4
1 ,"C-O-C","t",15
1 ,"C-O-C","h",5308
1 ,"C-C-C","t",3
1 ,"C-C-C","t",10
1 ,"C","t",13
1 ,"As hydrogen atoms are added ","work out each type of compound"
1 ,"An oxide of sulphur"
1 ,"An electron has a negative","charge"
1 ,"Ammonia is manufactured from","hydrogen and nitrogen"
1 ,"Alters the rate of a reaction","but remains unchanged itself"
1 ,"All together"
1 ,"A very very reactive metal"
1 ,"A very reactive metal"
1 ,"A very dense grey metal"
1 ,"A smelly gas made from sulphur","and hydrogen"
1 ,"A shiny solid which sublimes"
1 ,"A low density metal"
1 ,"A line drawn on the side of","the flask"
1 ,"A highly inflammable gas"
1 ,"A helium nucleus"
1 ,"A grey metal which reacts with","water to give a white solid"
1 ,"A greeny blue solid"
1 ,"A green poisonous gas"
1 ,"A gas used in the manufacture","of sulphuric acid"
1 ,"A denser than air waste gas"
1 ,"A colourless gas"
1 ,"A burette is used to do","titrations"
1 ,"A beta particle is an electron"
1 ,"A battery and electrodes are","needed"
1 ,"=","h",5312
1 ,"= 1.0","h",5310
1 ,"8 8ei08"
1 ,"7 7se07"
1 ,"6 6si06"
1 ,"5000","i",0
1 ,"50 0.10","t",11
1 ,"50 0.05","t",12
1 ,"50 0.04","t",16
1 ,"5 5fi05"
1 ,"5 0.20","t",13
1 ,"400","i",0
1 ,"40 0.30","t",14
1 ,"4 4fo04"
1 ,"4 4fou"
1 ,"30 0.15","t",17
1 ,"3 mol reacts with 1 mol of N
1 ,"3 3th03"
1 ,"231","t",10
1 ,"227","t",10
1 ,"2000","i",0
1 ,"200","i",0
1 ,"20 0.40","t",15
1 ,"2.0","i",1
1 ,"2 neutrons and 2 protons"
1 ,"2 2tw02"
1 ,"2 2 tw tw"
1 ,"15 0.20","i",0
1 ,"125","i",0
1 ,"1.3","i",1
1 ,"0.6","i",1
1 ,"0.5","i",1
1 ,"0.1","i",0
1 ,"0.05","i",1
1 ,"0.03","i",1
1 ,"0.025","i",1
1 ,"0.01","i",1
1 ,"0.001","i",1
1 ,"0 1 0 1"
1 ,"0 0zernou"
1 ,"/","t",18
1 ,"/","t",14
1 ,"/","i",1
1 ,"..... deposited","t",7
1 ,"... collected","t",4
1 ,"-h2otakeminu"
1 ,"-1 -1min"
1 ,"------","t",7
1 ,"-----","t",9
1 ,"-----","t",10
1 ,"-----","i",0
1 ,"----- it","i",1
1 ,"----+carbon","x",190
1 ,"----","t",8
1 ,"---- the flask to","t",11
1 ,"--- occasionally","i",0
1 ,"-","t",6
1 ,"-","t",14
1 ,"-","h",5106
1 ,"+","x",132
1 ,"+","t",9
1 ,"+","t",4
1 ,"+","l",174
1 ,"(","t",4
1 ," thth tho"
1 ," 8 98 9 "
1 ," 7 87 8 "
1 ," 6 76 7 "
1 ," 4 54 5 "
1 ," 3 43 4 "
1 ," 2 x 1000 = 2000"," 2000 / 5000 = 0.4"
1 ," 2 32 3 "
1 ," 1.3 x 1000 = 1300"," 1300 / 2000 = 0.65"
1 ," 1 21 2 "
1 ," 0.6 x 1000 = 600"," 600 / 400 = 1.5"
1 ," 0.5 x 1000 =500"," 500 / 200 = 2.5"
1 ," 0.05 x 1000 = 50"," 50 / 100 = 0.5"
1 ," 0.03 x 1000 = 30"," 30 / 100 = 0.3"
1 ," 0.025 x 1000 = 25"," 25 / 125 = 0.2"
1 ," 0.01 x 1000 = 10"," 10 / 100 = 0.1"
1 ," 0.001 x 1000 = 1"," 1 / 100 = 0.01"
1 ," ","t",17
1 ," ","l",178
1 ," ","l",170
1 ," ","h",5318
1 , Cu(NO
1 +","l",120
1 ) of solution.","This is written as
1 (l)","t",18
1 (l)","t",14
1 (catalyst)
1 (aq)","t",16
1 (aq)","t",15
1 (aq)","i",0
1 (aq)","h",5110
1 (aq) (9)","Carbonate"
1 (11)","Le Chatelier"
1 ((correct/c)*100
1 "yellow",9
1 "weak","An indicator is an example of a .... acid (4)","Indicator","alkali","Containing hydroxide ion in highconcentration in solution (6)","Base"
1 "water","This vapour is present in air invery variable amounts (5)","Air"
1 "volume=(no of moles x 1000)","/concentration",1
1 "volume","The symbol for this is V eg P.V = constant (6)","Boyles' Law","gas","A substance whose particles can move within a container (3)","States of matter"
1 "voltameter","Apparatus showing the volumes ofgas made in an electrolysis (10)","Hofmann"
1 "voltage","The ....... of a car battery is 12 volts (7)","Battery"
1 "unsaturated","Molecules which contain double or triple bonds (11)","Alkenes"
1 "two","The maximum number of electrons in the first shell (3)","electronic"
1 "tuyeres to let air in",9
1 "triple","There are six electrons in a ...... bond (6)","Covalent bond"
1 "thermosetting","A polymer which decomposes on heating (13)","Page 234"
1 "thermoplastic","A polymer which softens on heating (13)","Page 234"
1 "thermite","Iron (III) oxide + aluminium metal: The ....... reaction (8)","Page 232"
1 "the questions correct."
1 "temporary","Ca(HCO
1 "temperature","This increases during an exothermic reaction (11)","Heat energy"
1 "temperature","As this increases so does the energy that a particle has (11)","Rate of reaction"
1 "temperature","As this increases so does a particle's kinetic energy (11)","Kinetic theory"
1 "surface area","As particles get smaller this increases (7,4)","Rate of reaction"
1 "super-heated water",9
1 "sulphuric acid H
1 "sulphur","....... dioxide is a pollutant made by burning coal or oil (7)","Air"
1 "sulphur trioxide SO
1 "sulphur foam",9
1 "sulphur dioxide",5
1 "sulphur S",9
1 "substitution","An organic reaction where one atom is replaced by another (12)","Page 223"
1 "sublimation","This is the direct change from solid to gas (11)","Phase change"
1 "strong","These acids are dissociated fully in solution (6)","Strengths of acids","NaCl","HCl + NaOH = H
1 "steel","Stainless ..... is a corrosion resistant alloy of iron (5)","Iron"
1 "starch","The glucose polymer found in grain, tubers etc (6)","Glucose","nylon","The polyamide widely used to make tights and ropes (5)","Polymers"
1 "stainless","......... steel is resistant to oxidation (9)","Steel"
1 "solvent","A substance that dissolves others (7)","Solution"
1 "solid","A substance with particles held in a lattice (5)","states of matter","melting","The change from solid to liquid (7)","phase change"
1 "sodium hydrogensulphate",9
1 "soap","The correct term for this is soapy detergent (4)","Hardness of water","sea","Brine or ... water (3)","Brine"
1 "snow","Crystals of solid water (4)","Ice"
1 "smoke","Solid particles suspended in the air (5)","Brownian motion"
1 "single","A covalent bond containing two electrons (6)","Covalent bond"
1 "semi","Metalloids are often called ....-metals (4)","Metalloid"
1 "saturated","Molecules which only contain single bonds (9)","Alkanes"
1 "saturated","A solution that can hold no moresolute (9)","Soluble"
1 "rust","Hydrated iron (III) oxide - commonly found on cars (4)","Steel"
1 "reversible","A reaction that occurs in both directions (10)","Equilibrium"
1 "respiration","Oxidation of food in plants and animals (11)","Page 206"
1 "respiration","Animals and plants obtain energyby this process (11)","Air"
1 "refractory bricks",9
1 "reforming","Changing the geometry of an organic molecule (9)","Page 206"
1 "reduction","This is the gain of electrons egO
1 "reducing","Carbon and carbon monoxide are both ........ agents (8)","Carbon monoxide"
1 "redox","REDuction and OXidation occur simultaneously (5)","Page 203"
1 "reactivity","Strong reductants occur at the top of the .......... series(10)","Electrochemical"
1 "reactivity","A metal's .......... increases as a group is descended (10)","Electrochemical"
1 "proton","A positively charged sub-atomic particle (6)","nucleus"
1 "pressure","The higher the ........ of a gasthe faster a reaction occurs (8)","Rate of reaction"
1 "pressure","Its units are mmHg, Pascal or atmospheres (8)","Atmosphere"
1 "pressure","Gas molecules striking a surfaceexert a ........ (8)","STP"
1 "potassium",9
1 "positive","The charge on the nucleus, protons and cations (8)","proton"
1 "positive","Metal ions usually carry a ........ charge (8)","cation"
1 "polythene","The ethene polymer. This is itscommon name (9)","Ethene","maltose","A glucose dimer formed in the enzyme breakdown of starch (6)","Disaccharide"
1 "polymer","(X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X)n eg Poly(ethene) (7)","Monomer","octane","The ...... rating of petrol is ameasure of its quality (6)","Petrol"
1 "polyester","Mixed with wool or cotton to make fabrics (9)","Terylene","terylene","Probably the best known of the polyesters (8)","Polymers"
1 "platinum","An inert metal often used as an electrode (8)","Electrolyte"
1 "platinum","An alloy of this is the catalystin the making of nitric acid (8)","catalyst"
1 "permanent","This hardness is due to calcium sulphates in solution (9)","Hardness of water"
1 "particles","There are about 6 x 10
1 "particles","The larger these are, the slowera reaction is (9)","Rate of reaction"
1 "pale green",9
1 "pH","Acids have a .. of less than 7, Bases have one more than 7 (2)","Indicator","metal","This produces hydrogen when added to hydrochloric acid (5)","Acid"
1 "pH of common substances",7
1 "pH of common substances"
1 "ozone","An allotrope of oxygen (5)","Page 172"
1 "oxygen",5
1 "oxygen","The gas vital for respiration in plants and animals (6)","Page 170"
1 "oxygen","H
1 "oxygen","Gas given off when OH
1 "oxonium","All acids contain these ions (7)","Acid"
1 "oxidizing","Ozone and oxygen are vigorous ......... agents (9)","oxygen"
1 "oxide","Metal + oxygen
1 "oxidation","Redox reactions must involve both ......... and reduction (9)","Redox"
1 "oxidation","A reaction with oxygen or the loss of electrons (9)","Oxidizing agent"
1 "ore","Haematite is the ... used to make iron","iron"
1 "ore (haematite)",9
1 "nucleus","The tiny central core of the atom (7)","Atom"
1 "nuclear","Energy released during the fission of atoms (7)","Energy"
1 "none/clear",9
1 "non metals","Found in the top right of the periodic table (3,6)","Periodic table"
1 "nitrogen",9
1 "nitrogen","This unreactive gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere (8)","Air"
1 "nitrogen dioxide",5
1 "nitric","The formula of this acid is HNO
1 "neutron","The neutral particle in the atom (7)","atom"
1 "neutral","Neither alkaine nor acidic (7)","pH","ethanoic","An organic acid with the formula C
1 "negative","The kind of charge on electrons or anions (8)","anion"
1 "negative","Anions have a ........ charge (8)","anion"
1 "monoxide","Carbon ........ is a reducing agent in the blast furnace (8)","Blast furnace"
1 "monoxide","Carbon ........ is a pollutant from car exhausts (8)","Carbon compounds"
1 "monomer","The unit from which polymers are made (7)","Polymerization","enzyme","An organic catalyst eg zymase in yeast (6)","catalyst"
1 "molecule","There are two atoms in a ........ of hydrogen (8)","covalent bond"
1 "mole","A Faraday of charge is possessedby a .... of electrons (4)","Faraday","polar","A ..... solvent dissolves ionic compounds (5)","Solvent"
1 "metal","An element which forms cations (5)","ionic bonds"
1 "mass number","Number of protons & neutrons in a nucleus (4,6)","Page 149"
1 "malleable","Metals are ......... They can be hammered into shape (9)","Metal"
1 "litmus","acid = red; alkali = blue; neutral = purple.Indicator? (6)","Indicator","carbon","Acid + carbonate produces ...... dioxide gas (6)","Acid"
1 "liquid","One of the three states of matter (6)","States of matter"
1 "limewater","A carbon dioxide detector Ca(OH)
1 "limestone",9
1 "le chatelier","The man whose principle tells ushow equilibria behave (2,9)","Page 142"
1 "lattice","A regular 3D array of particles (7)","Giant structure":
1 "lattice","A 3D crystalline structure (7)","Giant structure"
1 "kinetic","This theory helps us understand the movement of particles (7)","Page 138"
1 "kinetic","As particles move faster this energy increases (7)","Heat energy","heat","The kinetic energy of molecules causes this to be felt (4)","Enthlpy"
1 "kilojoule","kJ (9)","Energy"
1 "isotope","The same element but different mass numbers (7)","atom"
1 "isomers","Different compounds with the same molecular formula (7)","Page 135","methane","The simplest alkane, CH
1 "iron","An element. Z=26; Ar=55.9; Symbol = Fe; M.Pt = 1539'C (4)","Steel"
1 "iron","A metal which has a reversible reaction with steam (4)","Page 134","rate","A catalyst alters the .... of a chemical reaction (4)","catalyst"
1 "ionic","..... bonds exist in compounds made up of charged particles (5)","bond"
1 "ion","A charged atom (3)","Ionic bond"
1 "ion exchange","These resins are used to soften water (3,8)","Hardness of water"
1 "iodine",9
1 "insulator","A material which will not allow eletricity to pass (9)","Conductor"
1 "inert gases","Argon is the most abundant of these unreactive elements (5,5)","Argon"
1 "indicator","This changes colour when an acidhas been neutralized (9)","Litmus","acid","This reacts with an alkali to form a salt and water only (4)","Salt"
1 "ice","Water held in a lattice by hydrogen bonds (3)","Page 25","steam","H
1 "hygroscopic","Substances which absorb water vapour from the air. (11)","Deliquescence"
1 "hydroxide","The name of the OH
1 "hydroxide","Anion found in all aqueous solutions (9)","Caustic"
1 "hydroxide","Alkali metal + water
1 "hydrophobic","The hydrocarbon end of a molecule of detergent (11)","Soap"
1 "hydrogen",9
1 "hydrogen","These bonds are important in thestructure of ice (8)","ice"
1 "hydrogen","Oxidation can occur if this atomis removed from a compound (8)","Oxidation"
1 "hydrogen","Metal + dilute acid
1 "hydrogen","....... bonds are responsible for water's high B.Pt. (8)","Ice"
1 "hydrogen sulphide",5
1 "hydrochloric","............ acid + base = chlorides + water (12)","Acid"
1 "hard","Water that contains calcium ions (4)","Hardness of water","soft","Water producing a good lather with a soap (4)","Hardness of water"
1 "haemoglobin","The red blood pigment that carries oxygen (11)","Page 110"
1 "haber","The ..... process turns hydrogenand nitrogen into ammonia (5)","ammonia"
1 "graphite",9
1 "gold/silver/copper",9
1 "giant","..... structures can have ionic or covalent bonding (5)","Ionic bond"
1 "gas","Natural ... consists mainly of methane (3)","Fuel"
1 "gas laws","P.V = n.R.T (3,4)","Page 105"
1 "galvanizing","This process is used to protect steel from oxidation (11)","zinc"
1 "fusion","The joining of atoms to make atoms of a different element (6)","Nuclear reactions"
1 "fuel","Something which can be burnt to release energy (4)","coal"
1 "fractional","The mixture air is separated by .......... distillation (10)","Page 101"
1 "fractional",".......... distillation splits amixture into simpler parts (10)","refining"
1 "fossil fuels","Sources of energy produced from dead organic matter (6,5)","Fuel"
1 "forward","At equilibrium the ....... and backward rates are equal (7)","equilibrium"
1 "fission","The splitting of large atoms to produce smaller atoms (7)","Nuclear reactions"
1 "fermentation","Sugar + Yeast
1 "explosion","A rapid expansion of gas that causes a shock wave (3)","Page 96"
1 "exothermic","A reaction where heat energy is released to the surroundings(10)","Heat energy"
1 "evaporation","Liquid water
1 "evaporation","Liquid
1 "ethene",5
1 "enzymes","Organic catalysts found in animals and plants eg zymase (7)","catalyst"
1 "enthalpy","Heat energy - H - possessed by asubstance (8)","Energy"
1 "endothermic","The enthalpy change is positive (11)","Heat energy"
1 "endothermic","In these reactions as the temp. rises the equilibria shift
1 "elements","There are about 105 of these that are known (8)","Atomic number"
1 "electrovalent","Another term for IONIC bonds(13)","bond"
1 "electrons","These negative particles give rise to chemical bonds (9)","bonds"
1 "electrons","These are shared between atoms in a covalent bond (9)","bond"
1 "electron","Oxidation can be defined as ........ loss (8)","Oxidation"
1 "electron","A negatively charged sub-atomic particle (8)","Atom","oxonium","Ion found in all aqueous electrolytes (7)","Acid"
1 "electrolyte",9
1 "electrolyte","A liquid or solution which conducts electricity (11)","Cell"
1 "electrolysis","The splitting up of a compound by an electric current (12)","Electrolyte"
1 "electrolysis","During ............ metal ions migrate to the cathode (12)","Electrode"
1 "electrodes","Electrons flow to and from an electrolyte through these (10)","Battery"
1 "eight","The maximum number of 2s and 2p electrons(5)","electronic"
1 "dynamic","An equilibrium in which both reactions are still occurring(7)","Equilibrium"
1 "ductile","This means 'can be drawn into wires' (7)","Metal"
1 "double","This covalent bond contains fourelectrons (6)","Covalent bond"
1 "dissociation","This process involves breaking acompound into simpler ones (12)","ammonium compound"
1 "dissociated","Strong bases are fully ---- Weakbases are partially ---- (11)","Strengths of acids"
1 "dioxide","Carbon ....... gas is produced during fermentations (7)","Fermentation"
1 "dinitrogen oxide",5
1 "diffusion","The movement of one gas into another (9)","Page 72"
1 "dibasic","This kind of acid contains two replaceable hydrogen atoms (7)","Salt","proton","The particle in the nucleus of ahydrogen atom (6)","Hydrogen"
1 "diatomic","Hydrogen, oxygen and chlorine are ........ molecules (8)","Page 71"
1 "detergent","A cleaning agent which works by forming emulsions (9)","Soap"
1 "density","A measure of how much space unitmass of a substance occupies(7)","Page 68"
1 "deliquescent","Takes in water from the air and dissolves in it (12)","Page 67"
1 "dc supply/battery",9
1 "cycle","The water ..... is the movement of water round the Earth (5)","Water"
1 "cracking","Large molecules are turned into smaller molecules (8)","Page 63"
1 "covalent","Non-metals form these bonds witheach other (8)","bond"
1 "coulomb","The unit of electric charge (7)","Faraday","current","The flow of electricity through a conductor (7)","Electrolysis"
1 "corrosive","A ......... substance is one that causes severe burns (9)","Acid"
1 "corrosion","This means chemical reactions which cause damage eg rusting(9)","Page 61"
1 "copper","A metal which is refined electrolytically (6)","Electrode","zinc","Metallic electrode in the dry battery (4)","Battery"
1 "coordinate","A covalent bond with electrons from the same atom (8)","Page 59"
1 "contact","The process in which sulphuric acid is made (7)","Sulphuric acid"
1 "conductor","A material which allows an electric current to flow (9)","Insulator"
1 "condensation","The change from the vapour to the liquid state (12)","Phase change"
1 "condensation","A ............ polymer eg nylon or terylene (12)","polymers"
1 "concentration","The higher this is the greater is the reaction rate (13)","Rate of reaction"
1 "compound","This is formed when two or more elements react (8)","Empirical formula"
1 "combustion","Another word for burning eg Heatof .......... (10)","Burning"
1 "combustion","Another name for burning eg Heat of .......... (10)","Burning"
1 "coke","A smokeless fuel made from coal (4)","Fuel"
1 "coal","For example Lignite, Anthracite - a fossil fuel (4)","Fuel"
1 "chlorine",1
1 "chlorine","The oxidant used in swimming pools to kill bacteria (8)","Iron"
1 "chloride","This is the oxidised form of chlorine (8)","Chlorine"
1 "charles law","V = T x constant","Gas laws","boiling","This is the change from liquid to gas at a fixed temperature(7)","liquid"
1 "charles law","V = T x constant (7,3)","Gas laws"
1 "charge","Electrons and protons carry an equal electrical ...... (6)","nucleus"
1 "celsius","'C (7)","Temperature"
1 "cellulose","A glucose polymer which we cannot digest (9)","Carbohydrate"
1 "cells","Car batteries consist of six 2V ..... (5)","Battery","ion","A charged atom (3)","Atom"
1 "caustic soda","The common name for sodium hydroxide (7,4)","Sodium compounds"
1 "cathode",9
1 "catalyst",9
1 "catalyst","This provides an alternative wayfor a reaction to occur (8)","Rate of reaction"
1 "catalyst","This is usually needed to make monomers produce a polymer (8)","Polymers","polyamide","The family name for nylon polymers (9)","Nylon"
1 "carbon oxides",9
1 "carbon dioxide",5
1 "calcium",9
1 "by a chemical process. These","are oxygen and sulphur.","Ionic compounds can be","separated into elements by","electrolysis.","Your task is to identify","elements which can be produced","by the methods shown.","*"
1 "brownian","........ motion is evidence in support of the kinetic theory(8)","Page 35"
1 "bronze","Copper (90%) and tin alloy (6)","Alloy"
1 "brass","Copper and zinc (30%) alloy (5)","Alloy"
1 "boyles law","P.V = constant (6,3)","Gas laws"
1 "bonds","Energy is needed to break these (5)","Energy"
1 "blast","The ..... furnace is used to convert ore into iron (5)","Page 28"
1 "bauxite in molten cryolite",9
1 "basic","A ..... oxide + an acid producesa salt + water (5)","Oxide"
1 "base","Acid + .... = salt + water (4)","Salt","salt","For example NaCl, KBr, CuSO
1 "barium sulphate BaSO
1 "bacteria","Often found in polluted water. They can cause disease (8)","Chlorination"
1 "atomicity","In O
1 "atomic number","The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (6,6)","Z"
1 "atomic mass","Relative ...... .... , Ar (6,4)","Ar"
1 "atom","The simplest form an element can exist in (4)","Page 21"
1 "atom","Argon has one .... in its molecule (4)","Monatomic molecule"
1 "atmosphere","The mixture of gases which surrounds our rocky planet (10)","Page 21"
1 "atmosphere","A unit of pressure that you can breathe (10)","Pressure"
1 "argon","0.9% of the atmosphere is this inert gas (5)","Air"
1 "aqueous","aq solution (7)","aq"
1 "anode","The name of the positive electrode (5)","electrode","faraday","The electric charge on one mole of electrons (7)","Page 96"
1 "anode","Reactions at the ..... of a cellare always oxidations (5)","Electrolysis"
1 "amp","The name given to the unit of electric current (3)","Current","cathode","This is where cations go during an electrolysis (7)","Electrode"
1 "ammonia",5
1 "ammonia","What is the name of the compoundwhose formula is NH
1 "alloy","A mixture of metals (5)","Metal"
1 "allotropes","The two .......... of carbon are diamond and graphite (9)","carbon"
1 "alkyne",9
1 "alkene",9
1 "alkane",9
1 "alkaline","The term used to describe a solution with a pH above 7 (8)","pH"
1 "alkaline","Group I metals + water produce ........ solutions (8)","pH"
1 "alcohol",9
1 "addition","A polymer formed by adding monomers together (8)","Polymers"
1 "activation","This energy is needed to make a reaction take place (10)","Page 5"
1 "activation","This energy has to be supplied before a reaction can begin (10)","Page 5"
1 "acidic oxide","This produces an acidic solutionwhen it is added to water (6,5)","Non-metal"
1 "acid salt","Sodium hydrogen sulphate is an example of this (4,4)","Salt"
1 "accumulator","This is a rechargeable battery (11)","Cell"
1 "You will be shown a reaction","sequence involving sulphur and","its compounds. Your task is to","identify the compounds in the","boxes of the reaction sequence","and the colours of the sulphur","compounds in the table"," ","Look at the direction of the ","arrows and the substances shown","by them. These are clues to help","you to work out the answers."," ","Type the
1 "You will be given a list of topics from which to choose."
1 "You will also be given some suggestions for further revision"
1 "You need to revise this topic more thoroughly! Use the following programs to help you revise the topic again:":
1 "You need to do a bit more revision!Try working through thefollowing programs and then testyourself again:":
1 "You have to measure the mass","before and after combustion",1
1 "You do not fully understand this topic. The following programs will help you to learn about it:"
1 "When you complete the test you will be given a list of the programs on this tape that will help in your revision."
1 "We can find a compound's ","formula by reacting a
1 "U235 decay"
1 "U-235 decay",7
1 "Types of organic compounds",7
1 "Types of organic compounds"
1 "Titration calculations",7
1 "Titration calculations"
1 "This is excellent! If you want to study this topic further and revise other aspectsof it you will find these programs helpful:":
1 "This is a good score! Looking at these programs will help your revision-":
1 "This describes the process of","making a standard solution",1
1 "Think whether each substance","is acidic, alkaline or neutral",1
1 "Think about which elements","are produced by each process",1
1 "Think about possible gases as","the equations are displayed",1
1 "The pH of a solution is a","measure of its acidity or","alkalinity.","The higher the proportion of","hydrogen ions
1 "The correct answer will be displayed if you get the question wrong a third time.";
1 "The concentration of a solution","is usually expressed as the","number of moles of solute in","1 dm
1 "Sulphur dioxide SO
1 "Sulphur compounds",7
1 "Sulphur compounds"
1 "Standard solutions",7
1 "Standard solutions"
1 "Sources of the elements"
1 "Sources of elements",7
1 "Seven organic formulae will ","be displayed on the screen. As","they appear try to work out","what type of compound each one","represents."," ","Remember these valencies"," ","Carbon 4
1 "Remember these valencies"," C 4 O 2 H 1",1
1 "Preparation of gases",7
1 "Preparation of gases"
1 "Nitrogen is an important element","in the function of living","organisms and in their ","production of protein."," ","Your task is to complete the","words or chemical symbols","appropriate at each stage.","*"
1 "Nitrogen cycle",7
1 "Nitrogen cycle"
1 "Look at the information on","the flow-lines",1
1 "Iron Sulphide FeS",9
1 "In the laboratory gases are","usually prepared by reacting","two substances together or by","the decomposition of a chemical.","A catalyst or heat can be used","for this."," ","On the screen you will see the","reactant(s) for the preparation","of 9 common gases.","Your tasks are to identify the","gases and any special features.","*"
1 "In an acid-alkali titration, 1","mol of H
1 "If you get the question wrong a second time you will be given a reference to look up in ";
1 "If you get the question wrong you will be given the first letter of the answer."
1 "For each topic you will be givena number of questions."
1 "Follow the path of the","nitrogen around the cycle",1
1 "Follow the movement of the","carbon around the cycle",1
1 "Finding formulae",7
1 "Finding formulae"
1 "Electrolysis",7
1 "Electrolysis"
1 "Electrolysis is a method of","breaking up ionic substances.","The substances must either be","molten or be in solution. ie","the ions must be free to move."," ","In sodium chloride solution ","there are these IONS ","Na
1 "Copper and its compounds",7
1 "Copper and its compounds"
1 "Concentrations of solutions",7
1 "Concentrations of solutions"
1 "Chemistry tester","Atoms","States of matter","Bonding & structure","Rates & equilibria","Energy","Redox","Electrochemistry","Acids & bases","Air","Water","Metals","Carbon chemistry","Finish using the program","*"
1 "Chemistry Tester":
1 "Chemical reactions often occur","in solution. It is useful to","have a solution with a known","concentration. One way is to","make a
1 "Carbon is one of the elements","in all organic living matter.","When living organisms respire","carbon dioxide is released. The","carbon dioxide is absorbed by","plants and converted into","carbohydrates. When animals eat","the plant they use the","carbohydrates as food and during","respiration energy is released","from the food and carbon dioxide","released."," ","Your task is to identify the","stages of the cycle.","*"
1 "Carbon cycle",7
1 "Carbon cycle"
1 "Balancing equations",7
1 "Balancing equations"
1 "A reaction sequence is used to","show the different compounds","of an element and their","reactions. Your task is to","identify the compounds and the","colours of some of them.","*"
1 "A few elements are found in","nature as the element itself.","These have to be separated from","the other elements and","compounds around them.","Most, however, have to be","extracted from their ores.","This means that two elements in","particular need to be removed"
1 "A balanced equation tells us the","number of moles of each ","substance that react together","and the number of moles of","products produced. We balance ","equations by making sure there","are equal numbers of each type","of atom on both sides."," ","eg. Methane burns in oxygen to","form carbon dioxide and water","This equation is unbalanced","
1 ","with oxygen to give NO
1 ","no of moles O=4.01/16=
1 ","h",5120
1 ","h",5108
1 ","h",5107
1 ","h",5105
1 ","h",5011
1 ","h",5008
1 ","h",5007
1 ","forming N?
1 ","falls on carbonates"
1 ","Thus there are the same no of","moles of each reactant and the","formula is
1 ","There are
1 ","Conc of the NaOH is 0.5 mol/dm
1 ","Conc of the HCL is 0.1 mol/dm
1 ","C=1 O=2 H=4 C=1 O=3 H=2","We are 1 O and 2 H short ie H
1 ","=(No. of moles x 1000) / volume","= 0.1 x 1000 / 100","= 1.0 mol/dm
1 "," ","volume of HCL=no of moles x 1000"," ------------------"," concentration","= 0.005x1000/0.1=
1 "," ","When a dc current is passed","through the solution the","positive ions (cations) are","attracted towards the cathode.","The negative ions (anions) are","attracted towards the anode.","*"
1 "(part 3)":
1 "(part 2)":
1 "(part 1)":
1 " on your tape recorder":
1 will neutralize 1 mol","of OH
1 what does the
1 water vapour (11)","Water cycle"
1 volume of","solution. The solution's ","concentration is usually given","in
1 vapour below the boiling point (11)","water cycle"
1 to carry on"
1 to answer and","put spaces in to make up to","3 characters.","*"
1 sulphur dioxide"
1 subscript 2
1 represent? (9)","Page 22"
1 particle is an electron","produced when a neutron changes","into a proton. The mass number","does not change but the atomic","number goes up by 1"," ","Your task is to identify the","isotopes in the chain and","their mass numbers.","*"
1 particle is 2 protons","and 2 neutrons (a helium ","nucleus). When an alpha","particle is emitted the mass","number goes down by 4 and the","atomic number goes down by 2"," ","A
1 on your recorder":
1 of","solution.
1 of","particles will all contain","
1 of particles."," ","0.1 mol of NaOH in 100 cm
1 of each element","reacting can be found and the","formula deduced.","If 15.88g of copper react with","4.01g of oxygen and the rel at.","wt of copper is 63.5 and of","oxygen is 16 then","no of moles Cu= 15.88/63.5=
1 of NaOH","No of moles of NaOH","=10x0.5/1000 =
1 of these in a mole","L"
1 is the cause of this type of hardness of water (9)","Calcium compounds"
1 is dibasic","2 replaceable hydrogens"
1 is deposited as","animal 'houses'"
1 ions are discharged at an electrode (6)","Electrolyte"
1 ion (9)","Caustic"
1 in a solution","the more acidic it is."," ","Your task is to identify the","pH that the substance normally","has. As these substances","usually have a pH within a","narrow range the computer will","accept more than one (whole","number) as a correct answer.","Press a
1 generated"
1 decomposes to give water and ...... (6)","Hydrogen peroxide"
1 and made from N
1 after numbers","less than 10.","*"
1 Start of routines
1 Metal ..... (5)","Page 169"
1 Alcohol + CarbonDioxide (12)","Ethanol"
1 2MgO","t",7
1 . Moles are used","rather than a mass unit (g kg)","because, in this way, solutions","with
1 -an alkaline gas"
1 (9)","oxidizing agent"
1 (7)","Alkanes"
1 (6)","cid","hydrogen","Metal + dilute hydrochloric acidproduces this gas (8)","Acid"
1 (4 bonds)"," ","Oxygen 2 -O
1 (2 bonds)"," ","Hydrogen 1 H- (1 bond)"," ","Watch out for the triple bond","-C
1 ","or moldm
1 ","mass of one or more elements to","form the compound. Using the","relative atomic masses the","number of
1 ","Therefore the no. of moles","of HCl is also
1 -","t",5
1 (4)","Acid-Base reaction"
1 ?","t",15
1 ?","t",14
1 ?","t",16
1 ?","t",12
1 metal ......... + hydrogen (9)","Sodium"
1 salt + ........ gas (8)","Acid"